![]() 'He has never read a book.' Fordi han aldri har lest en bok, er han uvitende. 'I know that he doesn't like soup.' Han har aldri lest en bok. followed by at 'that' or fordi 'because'), they come before the subordinate verb: Jeg vet at han ikke liker suppe. Usually come after the verb: Han liker ikke suppe. Possessive adjectives usually follow the noun, and the noun is put in the definite form (i.e. AdjectivesĪdjectives add -t: after et 'a' and before a neuter nounĬomparative adjectives end in -ere superlatives in -est. 'I'll go home.' Note that one can omit verbs of motion after a modal, as in German. The future is formed with skal or vil and the bare infinitive. Kan 'can', må 'must', vil 'want', skal 'shall' Note there is no equivalent of German ge- before the past participle. Strong verbsĪs in English and German, one needs to learn the plain past and past participles of strong (vowel change) verbs. bodde and the past participle is -dd e.g. å bo 'to live', the past tense is in -dde e.g. levde the past participle ends in -d e.g. The plain past of verbs whose infinitive ends in, g, v or a dipthong followed by -e e.g. There are some exceptions: Norwegian Verbs Conjugation 2 Conjugation 3 reiste the past participle ends in -t e.g. The plain past of verbs whose infinitive ends in one consonants followed by -e e.g. There are some exceptions: Norwegian Verbs Conjugation 1 Conjugation 2 The plain past of verbs whose infinitive ends in two consonants followed by -e is -et the past participle also ends in -et. 'To' before the bare infinitive is 'å', e.g. The bare infinitive adds -r to form all persons of the present tense. Strangely, de and De are pronounced as if they were spelled di. Jeg 'I', du 'you sg.', han 'he', hun 'she', vi 'we' dere 'you pl.'ĭe (always with a capital letter) is formal 'you' and may refer to one or more people. husa, and this must be used with barna 'children' and beina 'legs'.) Pronouns (Neuter nouns have an alternate plural ending -a, e.g. ![]() The neuter noun sted 'place', strangely, takes the -er plural: steder 'places'. The plural ending is -er for common and polysyllabic neuter nouns, e.g. ![]() For example, universitet is neuter, not feminine. You may find gender is different from what you expect from German. For example Klokka er to or Klokken er to 'It's two o'clock'. In some styles, especially of written Norwegian, feminine nouns may be treated as maculine. et hus 'a house' -> huset 'the house' (the t is not pronounced). en mann 'a man' -> mannen 'the man', ei fru 'a woman' -> frua 'the woman' and neuter, e.g. There are three genders masculine, feminine and neuter as in German and Russian distinct forms in e.g. The major difference with both English and German is that 'the' comes after the noun. På Grønland er det kaldt, 'In Greenland it is cold.' Nouns 'In the morning I drink coffee.'ĭet er kaldt på Grønland. The verb is also fronted when preceded by an element of time or place: Han er veldig tykk, og han liker å spise. Notice that when 'og' and 'men' bind together two main clauses they are preceded by a comma: They do not affect word order if the subordinate clause comes after the main clause. 'Because he has never read a book, he is ignorant.' German: Das weiß ich nicht.Ĭonjunctions (except og 'and', eller 'or', men 'but' and for 'for') also displace the subject, as above, when they start a sentence:įordi han aldri har lest en bok, er han uvitende. 'I didn't think of that.' Det vet jeg ikke. Here det 'that' is fronted: Det tenkte jeg ikke på. Here nå 'now' is fronted: Nå må jeg visst hjem. However, if an element is fronted (moved to the first position in the sentence) it displaces the subject, which moves after the verb. Norwegian word order is generally more like English than German. With a little extra study, Bokmål-speakers can also understand Swedish and Danish. The language briefly described below is Bokmål and is spoken by 85% of Norwegians. There are two official Norwegian languages: Bokmål and Nynorsk. Speakers of English and German can acquire a knowledge of written Norwegian surprisingly quickly.
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